When you tried different USB-C to USB Type-A cables, have you tried the ones where the USB Type-A end is a USB 2 configuration instead of USB 3.1 configuration? I.e., the ones with white or black plastic insert instead of the baby blue plastic insert.
That being said, I just tried my ASI220 with both (blue and white) USB Type A 2.0 and 3.1 connectors through a hub, and ASIstudio works with both types of cable (on a Mac Studio computer). But it might be worth a last-resort try.
The camera draws 40 mA when not connected, and 80 mA when connected, so any powered hub should be able to source enough current.
My guess is that you have won the ZWO USB lottery -- you may have to keep swapping the camera with the dealer until you find one that works to specifications. Or, ask the dealer if he/she is willing to swap it for a QHY5III200M (that uses the same sensor) for an extra $10.
Chen